American Signature filed chapter 11 after a sharp revenue decline and sustained operating losses in a business that still carried a large store footprint, distribution network, and financed inventory position. The company said the distress drivers included housing-market weakness, demand pressure, and liquidity deterioration, while Reuters reported declining sales and inflation-driven costs as part of the filing-day explanation.
| Metric | FY 2023 | FY 2024 | FY 2025 |
|---|
| Net sales | $1.1 billion | $950 million | $803 million |
| Net operating loss | $18 million | $18 million | $70 million |
The first-day declaration says the company had about $1.995 million of cash on the petition date. It also describes a capital structure that included approximately $39 million under the ABL facility, about $24.0 million under the letter-of-credit facility, and roughly $54.1 million under the term loan facility, plus about $236 million of unsecured claims excluding lease liabilities. That mix left little room to absorb another weak selling cycle. American Signature had already begun liquidation sales and store closures at 33 locations before the bankruptcy filing, which meant the case opened with both a restructuring problem and an active store-rationalization program. Filing-day trade coverage also said the company had issued a WARN notice, underscoring that the restructuring immediately reached the workforce.
American Signature also came into court as a regional retail brand with a long operating history and a concentrated ownership structure. The first-day declaration says the debtor was wholly owned by Schottenstein Stores Corporation and that Second Avenue Capital Partners, one of the key financing parties in the case, was affiliated with the same family. That insider overlap became one of the central themes of the chapter 11 case almost immediately.
The original combined sale and bid-procedures motion asked the court to approve a stalking-horse deal with ASI Purchaser LLC as buyer and SEI, Inc. as guarantor. The filing also laid out a compressed process with a December 30, 2025 bid deadline, a January 5, 2026 auction, and a January 7 sale hearing. To address insider issues, the board created a one-member conflicts committee led by Adam Zalev. That timetable did not survive untouched. By December 19, Judge Stickles had rejected the accelerated sale schedule.
Retail Dive's reporting on committee objections and Home News Now's reporting on the overlapping Schottenstein roles show why the process drew scrutiny: the buyer, DIP lender affiliate, liquidation consultant, and major landlord relationships all pointed back to the same family orbit. Furniture Today's reporting on U.S. Trustee concerns shows that the committee was not the only party pressing that issue. Creditors argued that the process favored the insider bidder from the outset.
The debtors filed the successful-bidder notice on January 7. The notice says no competing qualified bids were received, ASI Purchaser LLC became the successful bidder under the bid procedures, and the auction for the aggregate assets was canceled. After that filing, the dispute centered on whether the committee could improve the economics of the insider transaction.
The final sale order shows that the committee did force meaningful changes:
| Committee Settlement Term | Approved Amount |
|---|
| Immediate purchase-price increase | $6.0 million |
| Deferred payment due within three months after closing | $4.75 million |
| Estate share of net cash proceeds above $67.5 million plus carrying costs | 15% up to $70 million plus carrying costs |
| Estate share of net cash proceeds above $70 million plus carrying costs | 50% |
The sale order says the transaction was approved as modified by the committee settlement. It also preserved unresolved lease-assignment, cure, and adequate-assurance disputes for later site-specific orders. Inventory, lease rights, and real estate still had to be sold or assigned after the February 6 order.
The debtors paired the sale process with a DIP motion and later final DIP order authorizing a $50 million superpriority senior secured asset-based facility. The structure relied on a creeping roll-up of the prepetition ABL position into postpetition DIP obligations and gave the DIP lenders superpriority claims and liens subject to the carve-out and lien-priority annex.
The motion identified a $500,000 closing fee, a $50,000 maintenance fee every 90 days, a $25,000 monthly collateral-monitoring fee, a $250,000 exit fee, and an unused-line fee. The final order approved the facility on a final basis and authorized adequate protection for prepetition secured creditors to the extent of any diminution in value. The filing record shows a financing package built to preserve liquidation runway while elevating insider-affiliated lender protections.
American Signature also needed authority to keep turning stores and merchandise into cash. The final store-closing order authorized the debtors to assume the consulting agreement, run store-closing sales at designated closing stores, sell additional merchandise on a consignment basis, and use broad liquidation-style advertising. Importantly, that order did not require every location to remain on a liquidation path forever. It let the debtors revert a store to normal operations with landlord notice and permitted site-specific side letters with landlords.
On January 9, a joint venture of SB360 Capital Partners, Hilco Global, and Gordon Brothers said it had approval to run all remaining stores as going-out-of-business sales. By January 12, trade reporting described that chainwide wind-down as 79 Value City Furniture stores across 13 states and 10 American Signature Furniture stores in five states. The announcement marked a move from identified closing stores to chainwide liquidation activity after no buyer emerged for the broader chain.
The post-sale docket shows that American Signature's chapter 11 cases did not end with one omnibus asset disposition. Instead, the estates kept breaking out separate value streams and selling them through targeted orders. External real-estate coverage also showed how broad that effort had become: dozens of stores and distribution-center leases were being marketed, with the process drawing U.S. Trustee objections over the proposed brokerage setup.
On January 28, 2026, the court entered the Summit Warehousing inventory sale order, authorizing the debtors to sell inventory to Summit Warehousing, LLC free and clear of liens, with those interests attaching to the proceeds. The order also waived the normal 14-day stay, allowing the sale to close immediately.
That same day, the court entered the Ross lease assignment order, approving the assumption and assignment of certain leases to Ross Dress for Less, Inc. The order monetized leasehold value, provided a route to satisfy cure obligations, and cut off future debtor liability on the assigned leases once the transfer closed.
The February 5, 2026 Gardner White lease assignment order followed the same pattern. It approved the sale, assumption, and assignment of certain leases to Gardner White Furniture Co., Inc. and treated the transaction as a good-faith, arm's-length sale. A few days later, Furniture Today reported that Gardner White was adding nine former American Signature and Value City locations, expanding into western and northern Michigan and the greater Toledo market. Together with the Summit and Ross orders, it continued the post-sale lease monetization process after entry of the main insider sale order.
The insider sale to ASI Purchaser was only one step in the value-disposition process. The later orders show the estates continuing to monetize inventory, leases, and real estate after the main transaction closed.
The chapter 11 cases were never only a fight between insiders and the committee. They also carried substantial customer exposure. Earlier reporting focused on gift-card deadlines, undelivered merchandise, and customer deposits, but by mid-February more than $57 million in claims for undelivered merchandise had been filed against Value City Furniture as the company wound down operations.
The February 20 bar-date motion proposes April 24, 2026 at 5:00 p.m. Eastern as the general claims bar date for non-governmental claims, including section 503(b)(9) claims, and the same April 24 deadline for many administrative-expense claims arising on or before March 24, 2026. Governmental units would have until May 21, 2026 at 5:00 p.m. Eastern to file claims.
The motion also shows how much of the remaining case is now administrative. It proposes separate deadlines for broad categories of non-governmental, governmental, and administrative claims, with the consumer and trade overhang now moving into formal reconciliation.
Gift-card issues, returns, and undelivered-order disputes are part of that broader unsecured-creditor picture. Earlier Pennsylvania attorney general guidance said the state secured an extension allowing gift cards to be used through December 22. Later WCPO reporting on canceled deliveries and refund disputes described customer complaints over unavailable items and missing refunds. The later claims reporting suggests many of those issues were not resolved operationally and instead migrated into the claims register.
The key public milestones below track the case from the failed auction to the later customer-claims overhang.
| Date | Event |
|---|
| November 22, 2025 | American Signature files chapter 11 petitions in Delaware |
| November 23, 2025 | First Day Declaration filed |
| November 26, 2025 | Combined sale and bid-procedures motion filed |
| January 7, 2026 | No competing qualified bids; ASI Purchaser named successful bidder; auction canceled |
| January 8, 2026 | Final DIP order entered |
| January 8, 2026 | Final store-closing order entered |
| January 28, 2026 | Summit inventory sale and Ross lease assignment orders entered |
| February 5, 2026 | Gardner White lease assignment order entered |
| February 6, 2026 | Sale order entered approving substantially all-asset sale as modified by committee settlement |
| February 20, 2026 | Bar-date motion filed |
These questions track the parts of the case readers are most likely to check next: the failed auction, the later all-store liquidation announcement, and the customer-claims buildup.
Did American Signature actually find a buyer?
Yes. After no competing qualified bids were received, ASI Purchaser LLC was designated the successful bidder and the court later approved the sale of substantially all assets on February 6, 2026.
Did the auction ever happen?
No. The successful-bidder notice says the auction for the aggregate assets was canceled because the debtors did not receive another qualified bid.
What changed in the final sale order?
The committee settlement increased the purchase price by $10.75 million in the aggregate and gave the estates a share of future net cash proceeds from certain real-estate sales above stated thresholds.
Are Value City Furniture and American Signature Furniture stores still operating?
The case began with 33 identified closing stores, but later liquidation announcements said going-out-of-business sales were being run at all remaining stores after no buyer emerged for the broader chain.
What happened to customer orders and deposits?
By mid-February 2026, local reporting said consumers had filed more than $57 million in claims for undelivered merchandise. The debtors' later bar-date motion shows those disputes had shifted into formal claims administration.
Why was the insider angle such a big issue?
Because the buyer, DIP lender affiliate, liquidation consultant, and certain landlord relationships all traced back to the Schottenstein sphere, creditors argued the sale process favored insiders and pushed for better economics before the deal closed.
For another recent retail chapter 11 built around store closings and a 363 sale, see our Conn's bankruptcy coverage.
