Cutera: Noteholders Convert $400M in Notes to Equity in 57-Day Prepackaged Case

Cutera, Inc. shed roughly $400 million of debt—more than 90% of its obligations—and exited Nasdaq for private ownership through a prepackaged chapter 11 that ran from filing to emergence in 57 days. The Brisbane, California medical aesthetics company filed on March 5, 2025 in the U.S. Bankruptcy Court for the Southern District of Texas (Houston Division) as lead case 25-90088, before Judge Alfredo R. Perez, with holders of about 74% of its senior notes already bound to a restructuring support agreement.

The structure was a creditor-equitization prepack: noteholders converted approximately $429 million of unsecured notes into all of the reorganized equity, funded a $30 million rights offering at $7.55 per share, and rolled $25 million of debtor-in-possession financing into an exit facility. Judge Perez confirmed the plan on April 16, 2025—day 42 of the case—over a U.S. Trustee objection to the plan's third-party releases, and the company emerged private on May 1, 2025.

Debtor(s)	Cutera, Inc. (2 jointly administered debtors)
Court	U.S. Bankruptcy Court, Southern District of Texas (Houston Division)
Case Number	25-90088
Judge	Hon. Alfredo R. Perez
Petition Date	March 5, 2025
Confirmation Date	April 16, 2025
Effective Date	May 1, 2025
Prepetition Debt	~$429.1 million (all unsecured notes)
DIP Facility	$25 million new-money term loan (Wilmington Savings Fund Society, FSB, as agent; converted to exit facility)
Equity Rights Offering	$30 million at $7.55 per share
Debt Eliminated	~$400 million (90%+)
Claims Agent	Kurtzman Carson Consultants (Verita Global)
Post-Emergence Status	Private company

Open the public case profile for docket context, hearings, advisors, and plan updates.

Founding, Aesthetics Platform, and Public-Market Decline

Cutera traces its origins to 1998, when Kevin P. Connors and colleagues from Coherent Medical Group founded the company as Acme Medical, Inc. The team focused on longer-wavelength lasers that treat aesthetic conditions without the epidermal heating associated with earlier devices. Early investment from Campbell-White, which took a 43% stake for $3.75 million, funded product development. The company achieved its first commercial success in 2000 with the CoolGlide CV hair-removal system, renamed itself Cutera, Inc. in 2004, and grew into a global supplier of laser and energy-based aesthetic devices.

By the petition date the company sold and serviced products directly in 11 countries and reached more than 30 others through distributors, with roughly 350 employees worldwide. Its marquee platform, AviClear, received FDA clearance in March 2022 as the first 1726nm laser cleared for mild, moderate, and severe acne. The broader portfolio—truSculpt for body contouring, excel V for vascular and pigmentation conditions, enlighten for tattoo removal, and Secret for RF microneedling—generated $212.4 million in revenue in 2023, falling to $138.5 million in 2024.

Public-company strain. Cutera's governance and disclosure problems built through 2021–2024. In March 2023 the company disclosed non-compliance with Nasdaq listing rules after it could not timely file its fiscal 2022 Form 10-K. In June 2023 a securities class action was filed in the Northern District of California on behalf of investors who bought Cutera securities between February 2021 and May 2023, alleging the company overstated the durability of its revenue growth and concealed leadership conflicts and internal-control weaknesses. By the eve of filing, the stock had declined about 95% over the prior year to roughly $0.12, leaving a market capitalization near $6.6 million against $429 million of debt.

AviClear Misfire and the Road to chapter 11

Cutera's CEO declaration attributes the filing to a convergence of operational failures, a lost distribution partnership, market headwinds, leadership turnover, and an unsustainable balance sheet.

The AviClear launch. The 2022 North American launch of AviClear under prior management was the central operational failure. The company placed more than 1,300 devices under a rental model in 2022–2023, a strategy that required a sharp increase in production and reliance on a third-party contract manufacturer at higher cost. Cutera committed to buying 1,500 machines a year from that manufacturer—volume demand never matched. More than half of the installed systems went to medical spas that typically do not treat acne, AviClear's cleared use, leaving utilization low. Because the rental model collected minimal upfront payment and split later revenue with the practice, it depressed cash flow as the installed base grew.

Service backlog and the ZO loss. When Taylor Harris arrived as CEO in August 2023, North America carried more than 500 backlogged field-service cases, alongside part shortages and excess inventory in other areas. Compounding the operational strain, Cutera had historically drawn roughly 25% of global sales from Japan through distribution of skincare products made by ZO Skin Health, Inc. In 2023 ZO declined to renew the agreement—set to expire in 2024—in order to build its own direct presence in Japan, cutting revenue and profitability in a major market.

Market headwinds and leadership churn. The aesthetics market faced rising competition, consolidation, and lower-cost international entrants, all pressuring device prices and margins. Starting in 2023, higher interest rates and tighter capital availability impaired customers' ability to finance equipment that can run from $50,000 to $200,000 per system, and the body-contouring market behind truSculpt and truFlex contracted as new pharmaceutical obesity treatments gained share. Three executive transitions in 2023—an interim CFO in May, a refreshed board in July, and Harris as CEO in August—created short-term uncertainty and loss of institutional knowledge even as they were framed as long-term improvements. Financial performance reflected the pressure: third-quarter 2024 revenue fell 30% year over year to $32.5 million, and cash declined from $143.6 million at the end of 2023 to $59.0 million by September 2024.

All-Unsecured Note Stack and the 2026 Maturity Wall

Cutera entered bankruptcy with an unusual capital structure for a distressed company: no funded secured debt. Its roughly $429.1 million of obligations sat entirely in three series of unsecured convertible senior notes, each with U.S. Bank Trust Company, N.A. as trustee and each convertible into cash, common stock, or a combination at the holder's election.

Series	Principal	Coupon	Maturity
2026 Senior Notes	$69.13 million	2.25%	March 15, 2026
2028 Senior Notes	$240 million	2.25%	June 1, 2028
2029 Senior Notes	$120 million	4.00%	June 1, 2029

The 2028 series had originally been issued in two tranches—$230 million in a private placement and $10 million to Voce Capital Management LLC—and subsidiary Crystal Sub, LLC was added as an obligor on all three indentures on February 24, 2025, shortly before filing. With total capitalization of about $435.6 million and the nearest maturity—the 2026 notes—approaching in March 2026, the first day declaration framed the structure as unsustainable: debt service alone would have run about $12 million in 2025 against deeply negative free cash flow. The all-unsecured profile, with no ABL or term loan to refinance, simplified the case to a straight equitization of the note stack.

Prepackaged Plan and the 74% Noteholder RSA

Cutera negotiated the restructuring before filing and used chapter 11 to implement agreed terms on an accelerated schedule.

Restructuring support agreement. On March 4, 2025—one day before filing—Cutera executed a restructuring support agreement with consenting senior noteholders holding approximately 74% of the notes. The RSA set the core terms: equitization of the entire note stack, new-money financing, a backstopped rights offering, and a transition to private ownership, supporting a 42-day path to confirmation.

DIP financing and exit facility. The debtors obtained a $25 million new-money superpriority DIP term loan with Wilmington Savings Fund Society, FSB as agent, secured by first-priority liens on substantially all assets. The interim order made $15 million available immediately, with the remaining $10 million unlocked on entry of the final DIP order on March 28, 2025. The facility was designed to convert at emergence: DIP principal rolled cashless into exit conversion term loans, and the consenting noteholders provided an additional $10 million new-money delayed-draw tranche, producing a $35 million exit facility. Accrued DIP interest, fees, and expenses were paid in cash on the effective date.

Equity rights offering and convenience buyout. The plan paired the financing with a $30 million equity rights offering priced at $7.55 per share, fully backstopped by the consenting noteholders in exchange for a 10% backstop premium of roughly $3 million, payable in reorganized equity or cash. For small holders, an order approving the rights offering and buyout procedures authorized a common-equity convenience buyout at $5.00 per share—a 50% discount to plan equity value but well above the $0.12 trading price—capped at $7.04 million, with a 10% premium of about $704,000 payable to the backstop parties. A separate backstop commitment order approved the commitment agreement.

Plan Classes and Noteholder Equitization

The amended prepackaged plan left every class unimpaired except the senior noteholders, who absorbed the restructuring, and out-of-the-money equity and securities-litigation claimants, who were wiped out.

Class	Description	Status	Treatment
1	Other Secured Claims	Unimpaired	Paid in full, reinstated, or collateral returned
2	Other Priority Claims	Unimpaired	Paid consistent with § 1129(a)(9)
3	Senior Notes Claims	Impaired (voting)	Pro rata reorganized equity + rights-offering participation, or convenience buyout
4	General Unsecured Claims	Unimpaired	Paid in full or reinstated
7	Existing Common Interests	Impaired	Cancelled; no distribution
8	Section 510(b) Claims	Impaired	Cancelled; no distribution

Senior notes and trade treatment. Class 3 was the only impaired voting class. In exchange for cancellation of their notes, holders received their pro rata share of the reorganized equity, subject to dilution, plus the right to participate in the rights offering—or, at their election, the convenience buyout. General unsecured trade creditors in Class 4 were unimpaired and paid in the ordinary course, a treatment that, with the prepetition RSA in place, removed the need for an official creditors' committee. Intercompany claims and interests were left to the debtors' election.

Voting result. Of the votes cast in Class 3, holders of $374.8 million in claims (99.82% by amount) and 87 of 89 voting creditors (97.75% by number) accepted the plan; only two creditors holding $675,000 rejected. The voting and opt-out tabulation declaration recorded the result ahead of the April 16 confirmation hearing.

Equity and subordinated securities claims. Existing common stock in Class 7 was cancelled for no recovery. Holders of Section 510(b) securities-litigation claims in Class 8—including plaintiffs in Erie County Employees' Retirement System v. Cutera, Inc.—likewise received nothing. Section 510(b) subordinates damages claims arising from the purchase or sale of a debtor's securities below the interests represented by that security, and the court found the debtors insolvent, leaving no value for a class ranking beneath already-cancelled equity.

U.S. Trustee Release Objection and Securities Opt-Out

The case's principal contested matter was the scope of the plan's releases. The confirmed plan included consensual third-party releases under Section 9.3(b), treated as consensual for parties that did not object or opt out, together with exculpation and injunction provisions.

United States Trustee objection. On April 9, 2025, the United States Trustee objected to the disclosure statement and plan, arguing that the third-party releases were impermissibly nonconsensual under the Supreme Court's decision in Harrington v. Purdue Pharma, L.P.—contending that a creditor's failure to check an opt-out box is not affirmative consent—and challenging the injunction and gatekeeper provisions, the waiver of the Rule 3020(e) and 6004(h) stay periods, the release of government claims, and the absence of post-confirmation reporting. The court confirmed the plan over the objection, approving the releases as consensual on the basis that the opt-out mechanism provided adequate notice and an opportunity to be heard, and approving the exculpation as appropriately tailored with carve-outs for fraud, willful misconduct, and gross negligence.

Securities-litigation opt-out. Separately, the securities-litigation lead plaintiff—the New England Pension Plan, represented by Lowenstein Sandler—moved on March 24, 2025 to opt the class out of the third-party releases. A bankruptcy judge directed the parties to negotiate opt-out language, and the dispute was resolved through an agreed order entered April 10, 2025 preserving the lead plaintiff's opt-out.

Professional Retentions and Fee Awards

Cutera was represented by Ropes & Gray LLP as lead counsel, with Hunton Andrews Kurth LLP as Delaware—now Texas—bankruptcy co-counsel, Houlihan Lokey Capital, Inc. as investment banker, FTI Consulting, Inc. as financial advisor, and BDO USA, P.C. as auditor; Kurtzman Carson Consultants (Verita Global) served as claims and noticing agent. Ropes & Gray advised Cutera on both the prepetition RSA and the in-court plan. An ad hoc noteholder committee was advised by Paul, Weiss, Rifkind, Wharton & Garrison LLP, the DIP agent by McDermott Will & Emery LLP, and the securities lead plaintiff by Lowenstein Sandler LLP.

Final fee awards totaled approximately $9.17 million, or about 2.1% of the $429 million restructured—a low ratio reflecting the prepackaged structure. Houlihan Lokey received the largest award at roughly $4.25 million, followed by Ropes & Gray at about $3.09 million, FTI at $677,000, BDO at $325,000, Hunton Andrews Kurth at $188,000, and KCC/Verita at $641,000. The fee awards were disclosed in the post-confirmation report filed with the court following emergence.

Emergence and Transition to Private Ownership

Cutera emerged from chapter 11 on May 1, 2025, 57 days after filing and inside the 60-day target it set at the outset. The notice of effective date confirmed that all conditions in Article VIII of the plan were satisfied or waived and set post-emergence deadlines: administrative claims other than DIP, restructuring-expense, put-option-premium, and professional-fee claims were due June 2, 2025, with final fee applications due June 30, 2025.

Public-to-private. As contemplated by the plan, Cutera left the public markets. The company notified Nasdaq of its intent to delist on March 10, 2025, trading was suspended at the open on March 13, and the delisting became effective March 30 after the company filed Form 25-NSE. Existing public shareholders were either cashed out through the convenience buyout or, for the noteholders, issued equity in the reorganized private company. Taylor Harris continued as CEO; the reorganized company is owned by the former noteholders who converted their claims into equity.

Case closure. With the plan substantially consummated, the reorganized debtors moved for a final decree on June 24, 2025, telling the court that distributions had been made, property had vested, and no contested matters remained other than the pending fee applications, and that closure would end further U.S. Trustee fees and reporting. Judge Perez entered the final decree on July 20, 2025, closing both cases while retaining jurisdiction to enforce quarterly-fee obligations and other plan matters and preserving the ability to reopen for cause.

Key Timeline

Date	Event
1998	Company founded as Acme Medical, Inc.
2004	Renamed Cutera, Inc.
March 2022	AviClear receives FDA clearance for acne treatment
March 2023	Nasdaq non-compliance disclosed; 2022 Form 10-K not timely filed
June 2023	Securities class action filed in N.D. California
August 2023	Taylor Harris appointed CEO
Q3 2024	Revenue declines 30% YoY to $32.5 million
February 24, 2025	Crystal Sub, LLC added as obligor on the notes
March 4, 2025	Restructuring support agreement executed (74% of notes)
March 5, 2025	Chapter 11 petitions filed (prepackaged), SDTX Houston
March 6, 2025	Interim DIP order and rights-offering procedures order entered
March 10, 2025	Nasdaq delisting notice filed
March 24, 2025	Securities lead plaintiff moves to opt out of releases
March 28, 2025	Final DIP order entered
April 9, 2025	U.S. Trustee objection filed
April 10, 2025	Agreed order on securities-litigation opt-out entered
April 14, 2025	Amended plan filed
April 16, 2025	Confirmation order entered (day 42)
May 1, 2025	Effective date; emergence as private company
July 20, 2025	Final decree entered; cases closed

Frequently Asked Questions

Why did Cutera file for chapter 11?

Cutera's CEO declaration attributed the filing to a failed 2022 AviClear launch built on an unsustainable rental model, the loss of a Japanese distribution partnership with ZO Skin Health that had supplied about 25% of global sales, market headwinds including GLP-1 competition in body contouring and higher financing costs for buyers, leadership turnover, and roughly $429 million of unsecured note debt with a 2026 maturity approaching.

How much debt did Cutera eliminate through bankruptcy?

The plan eliminated approximately $400 million—more than 90% of prepetition obligations—by converting Cutera's 2026, 2028, and 2029 unsecured senior notes into equity in the reorganized private company.

How long did the prepackaged case take, and what is a prepack?

The case ran 57 days from the March 5, 2025 petition to the May 1, 2025 effective date, with confirmation on day 42. In a prepackaged chapter 11, the debtor negotiates plan terms and solicits creditor votes before filing; here, the restructuring support agreement already bound 74% of noteholders, so the court process centered on confirming the prepetition solicitation and plan.

What happened to Cutera shareholders?

Existing common stock was cancelled. Shareholders could elect a convenience buyout at $5.00 per share, capped at $7.04 million in aggregate, against a $0.12 pre-filing trading price; holders who did not participate received no separate recovery as the reorganized equity went to the converting noteholders.

What happened to the securities litigation against Cutera?

The class action Erie County Employees' Retirement System v. Cutera, Inc. sought damages for investors who bought shares between February 2021 and May 2023. Under Section 510(b), those claims are subordinated below general unsecured claims, and because the court found the debtors insolvent with no value even for full noteholder recovery, the Class 8 securities claims received nothing. The lead plaintiff did, however, preserve its opt-out from the plan's third-party releases.

Who is the claims agent for Cutera?

Kurtzman Carson Consultants, LLC (doing business as Verita Global) serves as claims and noticing agent in the Southern District of Texas cases and maintained the claims register through the prepackaged plan process and emergence.

For related restructuring coverage, see ElevenFlo's analyses of Airspan Networks' debt-equitizing prepack, Charge Enterprises' 57-day prepack, and Gamida Cell's cross-border prepack, or browse the full ElevenFlo bankruptcy blog.