Desktop Metal, Inc. filed chapter 11 on July 28, 2025, 117 days after Nano Dimension completed a court-ordered $179.3 million acquisition on April 2, 2025. In the First Day Declaration, the debtors said a stalking horse bidder withdrew on July 24 after citing the company's cash burn and expected DIP financing needs, leaving Desktop Metal unable to pay employees and facing possible insolvency at foreign subsidiaries.
The Burlington, Massachusetts-based 3D printing company raised $580 million in its 2020 SPAC merger at a $2.5 billion valuation and later entered bankruptcy with more than $138 million in debt, including about $29 million owed to Quinn Emanuel, according to the Cash Collateral Motion. The 64-day case covered 16 debtors, a of foreign subsidiaries and related assets, and a of the remaining core assets before the court confirmed the on September 30, 2025.
Desktop Metal, Inc. (16 jointly administered entities)
Court
U.S. Bankruptcy Court, Southern District of Texas (Houston Division)
Case Number
25-90268
Judge
Hon. Christopher M. Lopez
Petition Date
July 28, 2025
Confirmation Date
September 30, 2025
Assets
$100-500 million (scheduled)
Liabilities
$100-500 million (scheduled)
Total Debt
$138+ million
Peak Valuation
$2.5 billion (2020 SPAC)
Peak Market Cap
$9+ billion (early 2021)
Nano Acquisition Price
$179.3 million (April 2025)
Foreign Subs Sale (Anzu)
$10 million
Remaining Assets Sale (Arc)
$7 million
Case Snapshot
From Venture-Backed Startup to Public Company
Desktop Metal was founded in October 2015 in Cambridge, Massachusetts, by Ric Fulop, Jonah Myerberg, Rick Chin, and MIT professors Yet-Ming Chiang, Ely Sachs, Christopher Schuh, and A. John Hart. The company focused on metal additive manufacturing systems and materials for industrial production.
Desktop Metal attracted strategic and financial investors including Google Ventures, BMW, and Ford Motor Company. By early 2019, the company had raised $438 million in venture funding and reached a $1.2 billion valuation by May 2018.
The 2020 SPAC transaction. Desktop Metal announced a SPAC merger in August 2020, valuing the combined company at $2.5 billion. The transaction provided up to $575 million in gross proceeds: $300 million from Trine's cash held in trust and $275 million from a PIPE investment priced at $10 per share. The merger closed on December 10, 2020, and the company listed on the NYSE under the symbol "DM" with roughly $580 million in funding.
Acquisition strategy. In 2021, Desktop Metal completed a series of acquisitions, assembling an additive manufacturing platform across multiple technologies and end markets:
Acquisition
Technology/Focus
EnvisionTEC
DLP (digital light processing) 3D printing
ExOne
Binder jetting for metal, sand, ceramics
Adaptive3D
Elastomer and photopolymer materials
AIDRO
Italian hydraulic 3D printing specialist
Multiple dental labs
Dental laboratory operations
The acquisitions expanded the corporate structure to 16 U.S. debtor entities, with operations in Canada, Germany, Italy, Taiwan, and Japan. The company never turned a profit.
The 16-Debtor Enterprise
The chapter 11 filing encompassed 16 affiliated debtors, reflecting the corporate structure that Desktop Metal had assembled through acquisitions:
Entity
Primary Function
Desktop Metal, Inc.
Lead debtor; parent holding company
Desktop Metal Operating, Inc.
Core operations
EnvisionTEC US LLC
DLP printing technology (ETEC brand)
ExOne Americas LLC
Binder jetting systems
ExOne Operating, LLC
ExOne operations
Adaptive3D LLC
Elastomer materials
Adaptive 3D Technologies, LLC
Materials technology
Beacon Bio, Inc.
Bioprinting technology
Dental Arts Laboratories, Inc.
Dental lab operations
Larry Brewer Dental Lab Inc.
Dental laboratory
May Dental Arts, LLC
Dental laboratory
Brewer Tafla Dental Technologies, LLC
Dental technology
Desktop Labs, Inc.
Lab operations
Figur Machine Tools LLC
Equipment/machine tools
The Syzygy Memory Plastics Corp.
Advanced materials
Desktop Metal Securities Corporation
Securities subsidiary
The debtors also operated foreign subsidiaries that were later sold through the Private Sale Order: ExOne GmbH (Germany), EnvisionTEC GmbH (Germany), A.I.D.R.O. Srl (Italy), and ExOne KK (Japan).
The Nano Dimension Merger and Lead-Up to Bankruptcy
The bankruptcy followed a merger with Nano Dimension Ltd., an Israeli-American additive manufacturing company, that closed under a Delaware Court of Chancery order in April 2025.
Contested merger and Delaware litigation. In December 2024, Desktop Metal sued Nano Dimension in Delaware Court of Chancery, alleging that Nano had failed to obtain required regulatory approvals to close the previously agreed merger transaction. The legal battle that followed accumulated an estimated $90 million in disputed legal fees as Desktop Metal fought to compel merger completion. The Delaware Court of Chancery ordered Nano Dimension to consummate the acquisition.
Merger triggers note default. The merger with Nano Dimension constituted an event of default under Desktop Metal's Convertible Senior Notes Indenture. The company had already missed required interest payments on these 2022 convertible notes, and the change of control accelerated the default. The Delaware litigation generated legal fees, including approximately $29 million owed to Quinn Emanuel Urquhart & Sullivan LLP for forcing Nano to complete the merger.
The July liquidity cliff. In July 2025, a stalking horse bidder came forward to potentially acquire Desktop Metal's assets and provide financing through the bankruptcy process. On July 24, 2025, the bidder withdrew, citing the DIP financing required to support Desktop Metal's cash burn rate.
The withdrawal left Desktop Metal on what court filings described as an "imminent liquidity cliff." The company was days from running out of cash entirely, facing inability to pay employees and the potential insolvency of foreign subsidiaries. In response, management arranged a private sale of the foreign subsidiaries to Anzu Partners to generate liquidity. Chapter 11 petitions followed four days later.
64-Day Liquidation Timeline
The Desktop Metal chapter 11 case confirmed a plan of liquidation 64 days after the petition date. The 16-debtor enterprise reported $100-500 million in scheduled assets and liabilities.
Cash Collateral—No DIP Financing.
The debtors did not obtain debtor-in-possession financing. Instead, the case was funded through cash collateral arrangements with prepetition secured lenders:
Up to 15% deviation on aggregate operating disbursements
Carve-Out
Professional fees deposited to segregated account
First Lien Paydown
$1.5 million from first sale closing; $4 million from second sale
Interim Order
July 31, 2025
The capital structure reflected the multiple layers of debt that had accumulated during Desktop Metal's final years:
Facility
Priority
Holder/Agent
First Lien AHG Secured Notes
First Lien
AHG Lenders / WSFS (Agent)
Nano Secured Notes
Second Lien
Nano Dimension Ltd.
Third Lien AHG Secured Roll-Up Notes
Third Lien
AHG Lenders / WSFS (Agent)
Convertible Senior Notes
Unsecured
Indenture Trustee
Quinn Emanuel Attachment
Pre-judgment
Quinn Emanuel Urquhart & Sullivan LLP
The absence of DIP financing meant that the debtors operated under a cash collateral budget and sale proceeds governed by the cash collateral orders.
Sale Process: Multiple Transactions Across 64 Days.
The Desktop Metal assets were monetized through a series of transactions that yielded less than $20 million in total proceeds for a company once valued at $2.5 billion.
The private sale was approved on an expedited basis without objection. The first lien paydown provisions in the cash collateral order allocated $1.5 million from the first closing and $4 million from the second closing to satisfy first lien obligations.
Dental business sales. The debtors separately marketed their dental laboratory operations, which had been assembled through multiple acquisitions:
Transaction
Approval Date
Dental Arts Laboratories Assets
August 13, 2025
Brewer Labs Assets
August 13, 2025
May Dental Arts Assets
August 13, 2025
The dental businesses were sold during the case.
Remaining assets auction. The debtors conducted a compressed auction for the remaining Desktop Metal technology and intellectual property under the Bidding Procedures Order:
ExOne Americas LLC, ExOne Operating LLC, Adaptive3D LLC, Adaptive 3D Technologies, Desktop Metal Operating, Inc.
Arc Impact appointed Tom Nogueira as CEO of "Desktop Metal—an Arc Company" and said it planned to relaunch the business as an advanced manufacturing platform focused on U.S. production capacity.
The acquired Desktop Metal technology is already deployed in government contracts:
Plan structure. The plan established two trusts to manage remaining assets and litigation:
Trust
Purpose
Administration Trust
Holds remaining unliquidated assets; distributes net proceeds to creditors per priority
Litigation Trust
Investigates and prosecutes estate causes of action; recoveries flow to Administration Trust
Province Fiduciary Services, LLC serves as Plan Administrator, responsible for winding down the estates and making distributions in accordance with the confirmed plan.
Key plan provisions:
Limited substantive consolidation for voting and distribution purposes only
Limited debtor releases for Independent Directors, Committee, CRO, and CTO
No third-party releases
Claim treatment. The plan established the following treatment for creditor classes:
Class
Claims
Treatment
Estimated Recovery
Impairment
Unclassified
Priority Tax Claims
Payment in full (lump sum or 5-year installments)
100%
Unimpaired
Class 1
Priority Non-Tax Claims
Cash payment in full, no interest
100%
Unimpaired
Class 2
Other Secured Claims
Retain lien + collateral proceeds; or cash; or abandonment
100%
Unimpaired
Class 3
First Lien AHG Claims
Paid in full from sale proceeds
100%
Unimpaired
Class 4
Nano Dimension Claims
Pro rata from Trust proceeds after senior claims; deficiency as Class 7
Unknown
Impaired
Class 5
Third Lien AHG Claims
Pro rata from Trust proceeds after senior claims; deficiency as Class 7
Unknown
Impaired
Class 6
Quinn Emanuel Claim
Pro rata from Trust proceeds after senior claims; deficiency as Class 7
Unknown
Impaired
Class 7
General Unsecured Claims
Pro rata share of Administration Trust Interests
Unknown
Impaired
Class 8
Intercompany Claims
Converted to equity, cancelled, or set off
0%
Impaired
Class 9
Equity Interests
Cancelled and extinguished
0%
Impaired
Under the confirmed plan, priority and secured classes are paid in full, Classes 4 through 7 receive pro rata trust distributions, and equity interests are cancelled.
Nano Dimension Ltd., as both the acquirer that had completed the $179.3 million merger in April 2025 and a secured lender holding second lien claims, filed an Objection to Confirmation on September 5, 2025.
Nano Dimension had been required to complete the acquisition by the Delaware Court of Chancery after Desktop Metal sued over merger delays. Upon closing, Nano installed a new independent board, hired restructuring advisors, and provided a $12 million bridge loan before declining further funding. The bankruptcy cancelled Nano Dimension's equity investment while also subjecting its secured debt to recovery from the Administration Trust.
Despite the objection, the Bankruptcy Court confirmed the plan on September 30, 2025. Nano Dimension's claims were treated as Class 4 impaired claims, receiving pro rata distributions from Trust proceeds after satisfaction of senior claims, with any deficiency treated as a general unsecured claim in Class 7.
The Litigation Trust established under the plan is authorized to investigate and prosecute estate causes of action, and recoveries flow to the Administration Trust for distribution to creditors.
Professional Retentions and Fees
The court approved the following professional retentions during the case:
Professional
Role
Retention Order
Pachulski Stang Ziehl & Jones LLP
Debtors' Counsel
September 11, 2025
FTI Consulting, Inc.
Financial Advisor
September 11, 2025
Piper Sandler & Co.
Investment Banker
September 11, 2025
Weil, Gotshal & Manges LLP
Counsel to Governing Bodies
September 11, 2025
Vinson & Elkins LLP
Special Corporate Counsel
September 11, 2025
Kroll Restructuring Administration LLC
Claims Agent
July 30, 2025
Lowenstein Sandler LLP
UCC Counsel
September 11, 2025
Munsch Hardt Kopf & Harr, P.C.
UCC Co-Counsel
September 11, 2025
Province, LLC
UCC Financial Advisor
September 11, 2025
Andrew Hinkelman of FTI Consulting served as chief restructuring officer. Final fee applications were filed on October 21, 2025, with professional fee orders entered on November 17, 2025 and UCC counsel fee orders on December 10, 2025.
Industry Context: 3D Printing Sector in 2025
Desktop Metal's bankruptcy occurred during broader distress across the 3D printing industry. Industry reporting described 2025 as a year of mergers, acquisitions, restructurings, and company exits.
One industry analysis said the bankruptcy marked the end of a period defined by SPAC-funded expansion and acquisition-driven growth in additive manufacturing.
Desktop Metal sues Nano Dimension in Delaware over merger delays
April 2, 2025
Nano Dimension completes $179.3M acquisition; provides $12M bridge; refuses further funding; installs new board
April 14, 2025
Desktop Metal removed from NYSE
April 25, 2025
Nano Dimension separately acquires Markforged
July 2025
Potential stalking horse bidder emerges
July 24, 2025
Stalking horse bidder withdraws citing high cash burn
July 28, 2025
Chapter 11 petitions filed (16 debtors); Private sale to Anzu closes (Tranche 1: $4M)
July 29, 2025
Joint administration order entered
July 30, 2025
First day motions filed; Bidding procedures motion filed
Frequently Asked Questions
What was Desktop Metal and why did it file for chapter 11?
Desktop Metal was a 3D printing company founded in 2015 by MIT professors and entrepreneur Ric Fulop and focused on metal additive manufacturing. The company raised substantial venture funding and completed a 2020 SPAC merger at a $2.5 billion valuation but never achieved profitability. The bankruptcy followed Nano Dimension's April 2, 2025 acquisition and the events described in the First Day Declaration.
What triggered the bankruptcy filing?
The First Day Declaration and Cash Collateral Motion describe three immediate pressures: the merger with Nano Dimension triggered a default on convertible notes, Nano provided only a $12 million bridge loan and no further funding, and a stalking horse bidder withdrew on July 24, 2025 after citing the company's cash burn and DIP financing needs.
How quickly was the case resolved?
The Confirmation Order was entered on September 30, 2025, 64 days after the July 28, 2025 petition date. The case relied on asset sales completed during that period.
What happened to the foreign subsidiaries?
The Private Sale Order approved the sale of ExOne GmbH, ExOne KK, EnvisionTEC GmbH, and A.I.D.R.O. Srl to an Anzu affiliate for $10 million. The transaction closed in two tranches: $4 million on July 28, 2025 and $6 million on August 8, 2025.
Who bought the remaining Desktop Metal assets?
The Sale Order approved Arc Impact Acquisition Corporation's $7 million purchase of the remaining core assets, including binder-jet intellectual property, the Production System and X-Series platforms, Adaptive3D materials assets, and several operating entities. Arc Impact said it planned to relaunch the business as an advanced manufacturing platform.
Why did Nano Dimension seek to sell Desktop Metal?
Desktop Metal sued Nano Dimension in Delaware in December 2024 over merger delays, and Nano later completed the $179.3 million acquisition under a court order. Industry reports said Nano discussed asset sales after closing, installed a new board, hired restructuring advisors, and declined to provide funding beyond a $12 million bridge loan. The bankruptcy filing came 117 days after closing.
What was the Quinn Emanuel claim?
The Cash Collateral Motion said Desktop Metal owed Quinn Emanuel about $29 million for litigation that forced Nano Dimension to close the merger. Under the Third Amended Plan of Liquidation, the Quinn Emanuel claim is treated in Class 6, with any deficiency treated as a general unsecured claim.
How much debt did Desktop Metal have?
The Cash Collateral Motion put total debt at more than $138 million, including first lien secured notes, Nano second lien notes, third lien notes, defaulted convertible senior notes, and the Quinn Emanuel claim.
What does this mean for the 3D printing industry?
Industry reporting described 2025 as a year of mergers, restructurings, and exits in 3D printing. A June 2025 market report projected growth from $25 billion in 2024 to $74 billion by 2030.
Third Amended Plan of Liquidation /documents/6836f521-4f39-4639-966e-1065389b2175/
Private Sale Order /documents/1feb52d8-78cc-4e9f-8ede-3c306aac9b10/
Bidding Procedures Order /documents/c19caa90-2d83-4800-9bf2-8fbd692da21e/
Sale Order /documents/c63cd842-c0e8-4795-a82f-f699dfc49fb1/
Combined Disclosure Statement and Plan /documents/988dbf29-da31-495e-b746-fa23ac3a54d1/
Confirmation Order /documents/19c0d562-d076-49cb-8558-4e84d3b5026e/
Objection to Confirmation /documents/bbd1fcc6-9d54-4f78-8639-93e629ca4264/
$179.3 million acquisition https://www.globenewswire.com/news-release/2025/04/02/3054267/0/en/Nano-Dimension-Completes-Acquisition-of-Desktop-Metal.html
$580 million in its 2020 SPAC merger https://3dprintingindustry.com/news/desktop-metal-completes-trine-merger-and-goes-live-on-new-york-stock-exchange-181051/
$138 million in debt https://www.bostonglobe.com/2025/07/30/business/desktop-metal-bankrupt-3d-printer/
\$10 million sale to Anzu https://3dprintingindustry.com/news/court-approves-sale-of-exones-german-and-japanese-units-to-anzu-partners-affiliate-243410/
\$7 million sale to Arc Impact https://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/arc-impact-acquires-desktop-metal-assets-relaunching-as-an-ai-driven-advanced-manufacturing-platform-302556933.html
founded in October 2015 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Desktop_Metal
Desktop Metal sued Nano Dimension in Delaware Court of Chancery https://www.ainvest.com/news/desktop-metal-chapter-11-filing-catalyst-innovation-distressed-3d-printing-sector-2507/
$90 million in disputed legal fees https://www.3dprintingjournal.com/p/the-definitive-end-of-the-third-era
Industry reports said Nano began discussing asset sales https://www.industryweek.com/technology-and-iiot/additive/news/55306861/nano-dimension-pushes-desktop-metal-through-bankruptcy
July 24, 2025, the bidder withdrew https://ippstar.org/2025/08/16/desktop-metal-enters-final-chapter/
the debtors closed the first tranche of the Anzu sale https://www.metal-am.com/desktop-metal-files-for-chapter-11-bankruptcy-plans-asset-sale-to-anzu/
was confirmed on September 30, 2025 https://www.metal-am.com/arc-impact-to-acquire-desktop-metal-and-exone-assets-fo-7m/
broader distress across the 3D printing industry https://3dprint.com/322764/who-merged-who-was-acquired-and-who-disappeared-in-3d-printing-in-2025/
June 2025 market report https://www.globenewswire.com/news-release/2025/06/09/3095639/0/en/3D-Printing-Market-Intelligence-Report-2025-Expected-to-Surge-from-a-25B-Market-in-2024-to-74B-by-2030-While-Facing-Challenges-Amid-Economic-Uncertainties.html
This article was researched and written with AI assistance, using court filings, public records, and news sources. AI-generated content can contain errors. Verify all information against primary sources before relying on it. This is not legal or financial advice. See the disclaimer.